明夷
“Darkening of the Light” —— 文王第 36 卦
光明受了傷。藏起鋒芒、忍著,護住心裡那團火。
卦辭 THE JUDGMENT
利艱貞。
Ming Yi indicates that (in the circumstances which it denotes) it will be advantageous to realise the difficulty (of the position), and maintain firm correctness.—— The I Ching, trans. James Legge, 1899(公有領域)1
象傳 THE IMAGE
《象》曰:明入地中,明夷;君子以蒞眾,用晦而明。
大象傳取象:由離與坤的組合看出這個局面,並指出君子在此局面中的做法。——《周易》象傳,公有領域2
六爻 爻辭
明夷于飛,垂其翼;君子于行,三日不食。有攸往,主人有言。
The first NINE, undivided, shows its subject, (in the condition indicated by) Ming Yi, flying, but with drooping wings. When the superior man (is revolving) his going away, he may be for three days without eating. Wherever he goes, the people there may speak (derisively of him).
明夷,夷于左股,用拯馬壯,吉。
The second SIX, divided, shows its subject, (in the condition indicated by) Ming Yi, wounded in the left thigh. He saves himself by the strength of a (swift) horse; and is fortunate.
明夷于南狩,得其大首。不可疾貞。
The third NINE, undivided, shows its subject, (in the condition indicated by) Ming Yi, hunting in the south, and taking the great chief (of the darkness). He should not be eager to make (all) correct (at once).
入于左腹,獲明夷之心,于出門庭。
The fourth six, divided, shows its subject (just) entered into the left side of the belly (of the dark land). (But) he is able to carry out the mind appropriate (in the condition indicated by) Ming Yi, quitting the gate and courtyard (of the lord of darkness).
箕子之明夷,利貞。
The fifth six, divided, shows how the count of K? fulfilled the condition indicated by Ming Yi. It will be advantageous to be firm and correct.
不明晦,初登于天,後入于地。
The sixth six, divided, shows the case where there is no light, but (only) obscurity. (Its subject) had at first ascended to (the top of) the sky; his future shall be to go into the earth.
看這一卦的象
第 36 卦,下卦離(Fire)、上卦坤(Earth)——下為依附所照之物的光與明,上為承載萬物的厚土。傳統把這個組合讀成「Darkening of the Light」的緣由正在這裡:光明受了傷。藏起鋒芒、忍著,護住心裡那團火。每當搖出這一卦,經典的提示,都會回到這兩股力量的交會。
關於第 36 卦的常見問題
第 36 卦「明夷(míng yí)」是什麼意思?
易經第 36 卦名為「明夷」(míng yí),通行英譯作「Darkening of the Light」。這一卦是下卦離(Fire)、上卦坤(Earth);傳統的象,是依附所照之物的光與明在下、承載萬物的厚土在上。
第 36 卦的象傳(大象辭)怎麼說?
《象》曰:明入地中,明夷;君子以蒞眾,用晦而明。這是大象傳對第 36 卦的取象——由離與坤的組合看出這個局面,再指出君子在這樣的局面裡怎麼做。
第 36 卦在感情上怎麼解讀?
在感情占問裡,「明夷」指向光明受了傷。藏起鋒芒、忍著,護住心裡那團火。這一卦由離(Fire)在下、坤(Earth)在上組成——依附所照之物的光與明在下、承載萬物的厚土在上,傳統上正是這股力量在兩個人之間運行的樣子。
第 36 卦對事業與金錢有什麼提示?
事業與金錢的問題,從卦象本身讀起:下卦離(Fire)、上卦坤(Earth)——依附所照之物的光與明在內、承載萬物的厚土在外。白話說,光明受了傷。藏起鋒芒、忍著,護住心裡那團火。卦爻辭中出現 1 次「吉」,所以讀作可行——前提是照爻辭所說的舉止去做。
第 36 卦的動爻(變爻)怎麼看?
第 36 卦起出動爻時,六爻的爻辭(下方經文,自初爻讀到上爻)就是動爻的依據;動爻是這一卦在你所問之事裡「醒著」的那一部分。爻一動就變為相反的一爻,整卦隨之變成另一個卦:第 36 卦六爻全變,得第 6 卦訟(Lawsuit)。本頁下方「逐爻詳解」另有六頁,逐爻對讀經文與 Legge 英譯。
第 36 卦跟其他卦是什麼關係?
第 36 卦六爻全變,得第 6 卦——訟(Lawsuit)。上下顛倒,得第 35 卦——晉(Prospering)。互卦——二至五爻的內在紋理——是第 40 卦解(Taking-Apart)。
要解讀,不要只有卦文
同一個卦,一路讀到底:
- 每一爻都替你解——動爻在你所問之事裡的含意
- 之卦指向——事情正往哪裡去,變局怎麼讀
- 直答你的收束——行動、等待,還是說出口
相關卦 錯綜互
1 Legge, James(譯)。The Yi King,Sacred Books of the East 第十六卷(1899),公有領域。卦辭原文依傳世《周易》。2 象傳(大象辭)為先秦古籍,原文屬公有領域;引自維基文庫《周易/大象》通行本。· 僅供反思與娛樂——非財務、醫療或人生建議。