損
“Diminishing” —— 文王第 41 卦
真誠的減損。現在捨掉一點實在的東西,這損失會變成收穫。
卦辭 THE JUDGMENT
有孚,元吉,無咎,可貞,利有攸往。曷之用?二簋可用享。
In (what is denoted by) Sun, if there be sincerity (in him who employs it), there will be great good fortune:--freedom from error; firmness and correctness that can be maintained; and advantage in every movement that shall be made. In what shall this (sincerity in the exercise of Sun) be employed? (Even) in sacrifice two baskets of grain, (though there be nothing else), may be presented.—— The I Ching, trans. James Legge, 1899(公有領域)1
象傳 THE IMAGE
《象》曰:山下有澤,損;君子以懲忿窒欲。
大象傳取象:由兌與艮的組合看出這個局面,並指出君子在此局面中的做法。——《周易》象傳,公有領域2
六爻 爻辭
已事遄往,無咎;酌損之。
The first NINE, undivided, shows its subject suspending his own affairs, and hurrying away (to help the subject of the fourth line). He will commit no error, but let him consider how far he should contribute of what is his (for the other).
利貞,征凶;弗損益之。
The second NINE, undivided, shows that it will be advantageous for its subject to maintain a firm correctness, and that action on his part will be evil. He can give increase (to his correlate) without taking from himself
三人行,則損一人;一人行,則得其友。
The third SIX, divided, shows how of three men walking together, the number is diminished by one; and how one, walking, finds his friend.
損其疾,使遄有喜,無咎。
The fourth SIX, divided, shows its subject diminishing the ailment under which he labours by making (the subject of the first line) hasten (to his help), and make him glad. There will be no error.
或益之十朋之龜,弗克違,元吉。
The fifth SIX, divided, shows parties adding to (the stores of) its subject ten pairs of tortoise shells, and accepting no refusal. There will be great good fortune.
弗損益之,無咎。貞吉,利有攸往,得臣無家。
The topmost NINE, undivided, shows its subject giving increase to others without taking from himself. There will be no error. With firm correctness there will be good fortune. There will be advantage in every movement that shall be made. He will find ministers more than can be counted by their clans.
看這一卦的象
第 41 卦,下卦兌(Lake)、上卦艮(Mountain)——下為輕快喜悅的感染力,上為穩守不移的靜定。傳統把這個組合讀成「Diminishing」的緣由正在這裡:真誠的減損。現在捨掉一點實在的東西,這損失會變成收穫。每當搖出這一卦,經典的提示,都會回到這兩股力量的交會。
關於第 41 卦的常見問題
第 41 卦「損(sǔn)」是什麼意思?
易經第 41 卦名為「損」(sǔn),通行英譯作「Diminishing」。這一卦是下卦兌(Lake)、上卦艮(Mountain);傳統的象,是輕快喜悅的感染力在下、穩守不移的靜定在上。
第 41 卦的象傳(大象辭)怎麼說?
《象》曰:山下有澤,損;君子以懲忿窒欲。這是大象傳對第 41 卦的取象——由兌與艮的組合看出這個局面,再指出君子在這樣的局面裡怎麼做。
第 41 卦在感情上怎麼解讀?
在感情占問裡,「損」指向真誠的減損。現在捨掉一點實在的東西,這損失會變成收穫。這一卦由兌(Lake)在下、艮(Mountain)在上組成——輕快喜悅的感染力在下、穩守不移的靜定在上,傳統上正是這股力量在兩個人之間運行的樣子。
第 41 卦對事業與金錢有什麼提示?
事業與金錢的問題,從卦象本身讀起:下卦兌(Lake)、上卦艮(Mountain)——輕快喜悅的感染力在內、穩守不移的靜定在外。白話說,真誠的減損。現在捨掉一點實在的東西,這損失會變成收穫。卦爻辭中出現 3 次「吉」、1 次「凶」,所以讀作可行——前提是照爻辭所說的舉止去做。
第 41 卦的動爻(變爻)怎麼看?
第 41 卦起出動爻時,六爻的爻辭(下方經文,自初爻讀到上爻)就是動爻的依據;動爻是這一卦在你所問之事裡「醒著」的那一部分。爻一動就變為相反的一爻,整卦隨之變成另一個卦:第 41 卦六爻全變,得第 31 卦咸(Conjoining)。本頁下方「逐爻詳解」另有六頁,逐爻對讀經文與 Legge 英譯。
第 41 卦跟其他卦是什麼關係?
第 41 卦六爻全變,得第 31 卦——咸(Conjoining)。上下顛倒,得第 42 卦——益(Augmenting)。互卦——二至五爻的內在紋理——是第 24 卦復(Returning)。
要解讀,不要只有卦文
同一個卦,一路讀到底:
- 每一爻都替你解——動爻在你所問之事裡的含意
- 之卦指向——事情正往哪裡去,變局怎麼讀
- 直答你的收束——行動、等待,還是說出口
相關卦 錯綜互
1 Legge, James(譯)。The Yi King,Sacred Books of the East 第十六卷(1899),公有領域。卦辭原文依傳世《周易》。2 象傳(大象辭)為先秦古籍,原文屬公有領域;引自維基文庫《周易/大象》通行本。· 僅供反思與娛樂——非財務、醫療或人生建議。